Stair-builder s laying-out tool



(No Model.) 2 SheetSheet 1.

G. H. OALLAHAN. VSTAIR BUILDERS LAYING OUT TOOL.

N0. 494,322. Patented Mar. 28, 1893;

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STAIR BUILDERS LAYING OUT TOOL.

No. 494,322. Patented Mar. 28; 1893.

Canv' 1 96 UNITE STATES PATENT OFFIC CHARLES H. OALLAHAN, OF ALEXANDRIA,VIRGINIA.

STAIR-BU ILDERS LAYING-OUT TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,322, dated March28, 1893.

Application filed September 19, 1892. Serial No. 4461282- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. CALLAHAN, of Alexandria, in the county ofAlexandria and State of Virginia, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combination-Tools; and I do hereby declare thatthefollowingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention is an improved combination or compound tool especiallydesigned for use by carpenters, joiners and wood workers generally; itsobjects being to provide a tool which can be used as a miter-jack forgeneral use; as an adjustable gage for framing and stair work; as anadjustable gage and scorer parts hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings by figures;- Figure 1 is a top View of thecomplete tool with all the parts assembled. Fig. 2 is aside Viewthereof; Fig. 3 an end view. Fig.4is a view showing the miter-jackdetached and indicating one use thereof. Fig. 5 is a View indicating thetool adjusted as a step baluster gage or scorer. Fig. 6 is a viewillustrating a manner of using the device for marking raftvertical slotsa, b, respectively, the slots extending from near the ends to near thecenters thereof. The bar A is also recessed on top, as shown, beneathpiece B, forming two longitudinal slots 0. of about the same length as,and intersecting slots a, b; the end walls of slots at are doublebeveled as at of, at angles of forty five degrees to the slots at, b, asshown. The piece B is loosely connected to the bar A, and may be adjustably secured thereto by a set screw clamp C so as to form anadjustable bevel, as indicated in Fig. 7. The set screw passes throughslots a,b, and by setting the edge of piece B against any one of thebevels a the piece will stand at an angle of forty five degrees to thebar. A measuring scale or scales B are applied to the outer edges andtop of piece B as indicated in the drawings, and may be on bar A also ifdesired.

D designates a T -head mounted on the stock which passes through a slotin a central enlarged portion D of the head as shown. The head stands atright angles to the stock, and when thereon the two can be used as aT-square. This head also constitutes the miter-jack having a short stem(1, which extends parallel with piece B and is braced by lateral wings(1' whose edges stand at angles of forty five degrees to the stock orhead, as indicated.

D is a clamping screw passing through slots a, b, and engaging stem d,and thereby the T-head can be secured in any position on the stock.Through the stem d, are tapped screws d 01 whose outer ends are pointedto serve as scorers. The T-head can be removed from the stock and usedas a miter-jack as indicated in Fig. 3. I

E designates a plate detachably secured to the center of the stock,exterior to piece B, by means of a thumb or clamp screw F; said platehas adjustable scorer screws 6, e, in it as shown. I

G designates a similar plate also having scorer screws g, g, but adjustably secured to the stock at the side of plate E opposite the T-headby means of clamping screw 11. It will be-evident that scorer plateGrand the T-head can be adjustable toward or from the central plate, andtherefore the tool can be used to make several scorers at one movementofthe tool, at any distance apart desired. Plates E and G are narrowerthan piece B so as not to obscure the scales thereon. The scorer screwscan be backed out so as not to score. I have shown two scorer screws inthe T-headand each plate, but by backing out the screws the number ofscores may be varied. More scorer screws may be added. As shown, thescorer screws of each pair are set so that they will score a regulationwidth cut for the balusters of stairways in the steps thereof.

I, I, 1 designate dove-tail patterns which are removably secured to thestock, being clamped between piece B and bar A by means of stem d, andplates E and G, respectively as shown. Said markers project from thesame side of the stock and have one straight edge and one beveled edge,and correspond in size to the contour of the dovetail cuts or mortisesmade in a stair step for the reception of the balusters. The centerpat-tern I is not adjustable but patterns I, and 1 are adjustable withthe T-head and plate G respectively. By this means after the scoring iseffected, as above suggested, the workman by simply adjusting the stockat the edge of step with the patterns vertical and against the end edgethereof, can mark the dovetail cuts by drawing his pencil along theedges of the patterns, the marks of the dovetails re isterin with thescores reviousl a: a p y perpendicular to each other and providedwithmeasuring scales as usual, and indicated in the drawings. The limbs ofthe angle are longitudinally slotted as at j and are passed respectivelythrough the adjoining slots a of the stock and the angle may be adjustedon the stock to any position desired and secured when adjusted by thescrews D and H, the patterns I, 1 being removed when the angle is used,or other clamping screws m may be provided for the angle. The use of theangle is clearly shown in Fig. 6, the parts D, I, and I and 1 beingremoved. By placing the stock along the side edge of the stair orrafter,

one limb of the angle will mark the rise of the stair, or base cut ofrafter, and the other limb the tread of stair, or top out of rafter;limb J is just the width of an ordinary stair step or tread mortise, andlimb J 2 the width of the that both limbs of the angle are adj ustablysecured to the stock so that the pitch or length of either, or both,tread and rise, or base or top out, can be varied or regulated atpleasure.

By the use of the tool in this manner the workman can readily determinethe various angles 1 of cuts of rafters for different widths of roots,

and can ascertain the length of such rafters by the scale on the stock.For instance,sup-

,adjust the angle so that one limb projects 5 eight inches (all theheight) from the stock to apex of angle, and the other limb projects teninches (one half the width of roof) from stock to apex of angle. Theshort limb gives the top out of rafter, the long limb the bottom cut;and by noting on the stock the number of inches between the outer edgesof limbs of angle (indicated in drawings at XX) or the base of thetriangle formed by the projecting portion of angle and stock, andmultiplying these inches by twelve, he will ascertain the correct lengthof rafters. By securing part B to bar A in the manner shown in Fig. 10,a perfect T-square is formed.

The uses of the tool are so various'that it would be prolix to attemptto specify them, and they will be readily ascertained by workmen, andtherefore I deem further description unnecessary.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent thereon, is-

1. The stock having a vertical longitudinal slot in combination with theremovable T head or miter jack having a slot for the passage of thestock, substantially as described.

2. The slotted stock in combination with the dove-tail patterns havingtheir shanks secured in the stock slots, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the stock with a removable and adjustable T heador miter jack having a stem provided with scorers, substantially asspecified.

4c. The combination of the stock having scorers and dove-tail patternssecured thereto adjoining and at right angles to the scorers,substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination of the stock composed of a bar and a scaled piece,with an adj ustable miter jack or T head thereon having a stem and wingsas and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of the stock having scorers and dove tail patternssecured thereto in relation to the scorers, both the scorers and dovetail patterns being adjustable, substantially as specified.

7. The combination of the stock, the scorers, the dove tail patterns andthe miter jack, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination of the bar A having a11- gular shoulders a on itsupper face, with the scale piece B adj ustably connected to the bar andadapted to abut against one of said shoulders, substantially asdescribed.

9. The stock having a vertical longitudinal slot in combination with theremovable T head or miter jack having a stem, and the scorers connectedto said stock and stem, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. The stock having a vertical longitudinal slot in combination withthe removable T head or miter jack, and the dove tail patterns connectedto the stock and T head, substantially as described.

11. The combination of the stock, the adjustable plates G, E, providedwith a pair of relatively non adjustable scorers, and the clampingscrewssecuring the plates to the stock, substantially as described.

12. The combination of the stock having non-adjustable scorer at center,with the miter jack adj ustabl y mounted on the stock, and the scorerattached to said jack, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of the stock, the plates G and E provided withscorers, and the clamping screws securing the plates to the stock, andthe patterns attached to said stock by said screws, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

14. The combination of the stock having a non-adjustable scorer atcenter, with the miter jackadjustably mounted on the stock and thescorer attached to said jack, and the scorer adjustably mounted on theopposite end of the stock, substantially as described.

15. The combination of the stock, the central fixed pattern, and theadjustable pattern on opposite ends of the stock, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

16. The combination of the stock, the central fixed pattern, and theadjustable pattern on opposite ends of the stock, and the adjustablescorers adjoining each pattern, substantially as described.

17. The combination of the slotted stock, with the angle slotted in bothlimbs, and each limb adj ustably secured to the stock in a slot thereof,substantially as and for the, purpose described.

18. The miter-jack orT head havinga stem and adjustable scorers mountedon said stem, substantially as described.

19. The miter jack, having a stem (1 wings d 01 substantially as and forthe purpose described;

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aflix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES H. CALLAI-IAN.

Witnesses:

.0. W. SEVILLE, A. E. DoWELL.

